When animals are orphaned, they extra care and attention so that their needs are met regarding feeding, an their health. It is important to have their mother stay with them as long as possible, or until they have weened, but when that is not possible, it us incumbent upon people to intervene. There are many resources for you if you find yourself in this situation, and many animal protection agencies that can offer advice and tips. If you have an animal that is orphaned, and it requiring your intervention to survive, the first step is to take the animal to the veterinarian. This way you can get a full check up, and the Doctor can tell you if there are any additional things to consider before you take on this newest task.
After you have had a full work-up on the animal that you have chosen to care for, there are some other things to get so that you are prepared. For instance, the animal will probably have to be bottle fed. This means getting a bottle that is appropriate for the small orphan, and you will also need to have the proper formula or feed for your orphan. In some cases, dependent on the species or breed, some veterinarians will even recommend seeking an adoptive parent that can handle nursing and care, especially if the type of animal needs to be taught instinctive skills like hunting, or mating.
If the animal that you come across is a canine or a domesticated house cat, these types of animals can be easily cared for by use of a bottle, some loving care, and a lot of time and patience. It is only when you are working with animals that need other animals to care for them that you need to be very cautious. For instance, birds tend to ostrisize their young when they have the scent of a human on them from interaction.